kamilsss655/README.md

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# Open re-implementation of the Quansheng UV-K5 v2.1.27 firmware
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<img src="images/radio_picture.jpg" width=300 align="left"/>
This repository is a fork of [Egzumer firmare](https://github.com/egzumer/uv-k5-firmware-custom) plus my changes.
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> [!WARNING]
> Use this firmware at your own risk (entirely). There is absolutely no guarantee that it will work in any way shape or form on your radio(s), it may even brick your radio(s), in which case, you'd need to buy another radio.
Anyway, have fun.
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## Table of Contents
* [Main Features](#main-features)
* [Manual](#manual)
* [Radio Performance](#radio-performance)
* [User Customization](#user-customization)
* [Compiler](#compiler)
* [Building](#building)
* [Credits](#credits)
* [License](#license)
* [Example changes/updates](#example-changesupdates)
## Main features:
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* many of OneOfEleven mods:
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* AM fix, huge improvement in reception quality
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* long press buttons functions replicating F+ action
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* fast scanning
* channel name editing in the menu
* channel name + frequency display option
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* shortcut for scan-list assignment (long press `5 NOAA`)
* scan-list toggle (long press `* Scan` while scanning)
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* configurable button function selectable from menu
* battery percentage/voltage on status bar, selectable from menu
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* longer backlight times
* mic bar
* RSSI s-meter
* more frequency steps
* squelch more sensitive
* fagci spectrum analyzer (**F+5** to turn on)
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* some other mods introduced by egzumer:
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* SSB demodulation (adopted from fagci)
* backlight dimming
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* battery voltage calibration from menu
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* better battery percentage calculation, selectable for 1600mAh or 2200mAh
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* more configurable button functions
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* long press MENU as another configurable button
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* better DCS/CTCSS scanning in the menu (`* SCAN` while in RX DCS/CTCSS menu item)
* Piotr022 s-meter style
* restore initial freq/channel when scanning stopped with EXIT, remember last found transmission with MENU button
* reordered and renamed menu entries
* LCD interference crash fix
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* some mods introduced by me:
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* `RxOff` menu setting offsets the receive frequency by any specified amount in the range of `0-150Mhz` for use with upconverters. Allows to fine tune frequency (in `1kHz` steps) as opposed to other implementations that use hardcoded offsets. (**IMPORTANT: Make sure you set this value to 0 if not using an upconverter, when used for the first time. Otherwise it might load some random offset from EEPROM.**)
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* `ENABLE_SPECTRUM_COPY_VFO` allowing to exit the spectrum and fine tuning screen with PTT button and copy current peak frequency, modulation, step, bandwidth to VFO. Also entering spectrum will carry these settings from VFO (full integration). Now to enter fine tuning screen in spectrum press MENU button. This allows you to save and respond to the frequencies found much faster.
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* `ENABLE_SPECTRUM_SHOW_CHANNEL_NAME` shows channel number and channel name of the peak frequency in spectrum
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* `ENABLE_ULTRA_LOW_POWER_TX` flag allows to transmit with ultra low power (thanks to egzumer work) for local testing of communication between radios.
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* `ENABLE_ADJUSTABLE_RX_GAIN_SETTINGS` keeps the rx gain settings set in spectrum mode after exit (otherwise these are always overwritten to default value), this makes much more sense considering that we have a radio with user adjustable gain so why not use it to adjust to current radio conditions, maximum gain allows to greatly increase reception in scan memory channels mode (in this configuration default gain settings are only set at boot and when exiting AM modulation mode to set it to sane value after am fix)
* `ENABLE_SPECTRUM_CHANNEL_SCAN` this enables spectrum channel scan mode (enter by going into memory mode and press F+5, this allows SUPER fast channel scanning (4.5x faster than regular scanning), regular scan of 200 memory channels takes roughly 18 seconds, spectrum memory scan takes roughly 4 seconds, if you have less channels stored i.e 50 - the spectrum memory scan will take only **1 second**
* `VOXSen` fixed and improved VOX sensitivity setting from menu. Added `VoxDel` - VOX delay setting allowing to set value to `0` for no VOX delay which might be useful for packet radio enthusiasts (APRS etc.).
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* Fixed AM AGC so **AM demodulation is crystal clear**, no audible clicks, no need for `AM_FIX`.
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* `SqTone` configurable squelch tail tones and 180* phase shift tail when in CTCSS mode
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## Keyboard shortcuts
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* In `VFO mode` long press `5` to enter `scan range mode`
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* In `VFO mode` long press `5` then press `F+5` to enter `spectrum scan range mode`
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* In `Memory Channel mode` press `F+5` to enter **SUPER FAST** `spectrum channel mode`
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* Press `F+5` to enter `spectrum mode`
* While in `spectrum mode` press `MENU` to enter `fine tuning mode`
* While in `spectrum mode` or `fine tuning mode` short press `PTT` to copy current modulation, step, frequency, bw and enter `VFO mode`
* While in `spectrum channel mode` press `4` to toggle scan lists.
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## Manual
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* [Radio operation](https://github.com/egzumer/uv-k5-firmware-custom/wiki/Radio-operation)
* [Menu](https://github.com/egzumer/uv-k5-firmware-custom/wiki/Menu)
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* [Button functions](https://github.com/egzumer/uv-k5-firmware-custom/wiki/Button-functions)
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* [Spectrum analyzer](https://github.com/egzumer/uv-k5-firmware-custom/wiki/Spectrum-analyzer)
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* [Flashing the firmware](https://github.com/egzumer/uv-k5-firmware-custom/wiki/Flashing-the-firmware)
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## Radio performance
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Please note that the Quansheng UV-Kx radios are not professional quality transceivers, their
performance is strictly limited. The RX front end has no track-tuned band pass filtering
at all, and so are wide band/wide open to any and all signals over a large frequency range.
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Using the radio in high intensity RF environments will most likely make reception anything but
easy (AM mode will suffer far more than FM ever will), the receiver simply doesn't have a
great dynamic range, which results in distorted AM audio with stronger RX'ed signals.
There is nothing more anyone can do in firmware/software to improve that, once the RX gain
adjustment I do (AM fix) reaches the hardwares limit, your AM RX audio will be all but
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non-existent (just like Quansheng's firmware).
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On the other hand, FM RX audio will/should be fine.
But, they are nice toys for the price, fun to play with.
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## User customization
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You can customize the firmware by enabling/disabling various compile options, this allows
us to remove certain firmware features in order to make room in the flash for others.
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You'll find the options at the top of "Makefile" ('0' = disable, '1' = enable) ..
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```
ENABLE_CLANG := 0 **experimental, builds with clang instead of gcc (LTO will be disabled if you enable this)
ENABLE_SWD := 0 only needed if using CPU's SWD port (debugging/programming)
ENABLE_OVERLAY := 0 cpu FLASH stuff, not needed
ENABLE_LTO := 1 **experimental, reduces size of compiled firmware but might break EEPROM reads (OVERLAY will be disabled if you enable this)
ENABLE_UART := 1 without this you can't configure radio via PC !
ENABLE_AIRCOPY := 0 easier to just enter frequency with butts
ENABLE_FMRADIO := 1 WBFM VHF broadcast band receiver
ENABLE_NOAA := 0 everything NOAA (only of any use in the USA)
ENABLE_VOICE := 0 want to hear voices ?
ENABLE_VOX := 1
ENABLE_ALARM := 0 TX alarms
ENABLE_TX1750 := 0 side key 1750Hz TX tone (older style repeater access)
ENABLE_PWRON_PASSWORD := 0 power-on password stuff
ENABLE_DTMF_CALLING := 0 DTMF calling fuctionality, sending calls, receiving calls, group calls, contacts list etc.
ENABLE_BIG_FREQ := 1 big font frequencies (like original QS firmware)
ENABLE_SMALL_BOLD := 1 bold channel name/no. (when name + freq channel display mode)
ENABLE_KEEP_MEM_NAME := 1 maintain channel name when (re)saving memory channel
ENABLE_WIDE_RX := 1 full 18MHz to 1300MHz RX (though front-end/PA not designed for full range)
ENABLE_TX_WHEN_AM := 0 allow TX (always FM) when RX is set to AM
ENABLE_F_CAL_MENU := 0 enable the radios hidden frequency calibration menu
ENABLE_SHOW_CHARGE_LEVEL := 0 show the charge level when the radio is on charge
ENABLE_REVERSE_BAT_SYMBOL := 0 mirror the battery symbol on the status bar (+ pole on the right)
ENABLE_NO_CODE_SCAN_TIMEOUT := 1 disable 32-sec CTCSS/DCS scan timeout (press exit butt instead of time-out to end scan)
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ENABLE_SQUELCH_MORE_SENSITIVE := 0 make squelch levels a little bit more sensitive - this has been reported to cause radio freeze in presence of strong signals
ENABLE_FASTER_CHANNEL_SCAN := 1 increases the channel scan speed, but the squelch is also made more twitchy
ENABLE_RSSI_BAR := 1 enable a dBm/Sn RSSI bar graph level in place of the little antenna symbols
ENABLE_AUDIO_BAR := 1 experimental, display an audio bar level when TX'ing
ENABLE_COPY_CHAN_TO_VFO := 1 copy current channel into the other VFO. Long press `1 BAND` when in channel mode
ENABLE_SPECTRUM := 1 fagci spectrum analyzer, activated with `F` + `5 NOAA`
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ENABLE_REDUCE_LOW_POWER := 1 makes low power settings even lower (L=0.45W M=3W H=4.7W (f=147Mhz))
ENABLE_BYP_RAW_DEMODULATORS := 0 additional BYP (bypass?) and RAW demodulation options, proved not to be very useful, but it is there if you want to experiment
ENABLE_BLMIN_TMP_OFF := 0 additional function for configurable buttons that toggles `BLMin` on and off wihout saving it to the EEPROM
ENABLE_SCAN_RANGES := 1 scan range mode for frequency scanning, see wiki for instructions (radio operation -> frequency scanning)
ENABLE_SPECTRUM_COPY_VFO := 1 pressing MENU in spectrum mode will exit and copy current peak frequency, bw, step, modulation to current VFO, also entering spectrum will carry these settings from VFO (full integration)
ENABLE_SPECTRUM_SHOW_CHANNEL_NAME := 1 shows channel number and channel name of the peak frequency in spectrum
ENABLE_ULTRA_LOW_POWER_TX := 0 transmits with ultra low power. useful for dev/testing
ENABLE_ADJUSTABLE_RX_GAIN_SETTINGS := 1 keeps the rx gain settings set in spectrum mode after exit (otherwise these are always overwritten to default value), this makes much more sense considering that we have a radio with user adjustable gain so why not use it to adjust to current radio conditions, maximum gain allows to greatly increase reception in scan memory channels mode (in this configuration default gain settings are only set at boot and when exiting AM modulation mode to set it to sane value after am fix)
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ENABLE_SPECTRUM_CHANNEL_SCAN := 1 this enables spectrum channel scan mode (enter by going into memory mode and press F+5, this allows SUPER fast channel scanning (4.5x faster than regular scanning), regular scan of 200 memory channels takes roughly 18 seconds, spectrum memory scan takes roughly 4 seconds, if you have less channels stored i.e 50 - the spectrum memory scan will take only **1 second**
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```
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## Compiler
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arm-none-eabi GCC version 10.3.1 is recommended, which is the current version on Ubuntu 22.04.03 LTS.
Other versions may generate a flash file that is too big.
You can get an appropriate version from: https://developer.arm.com/downloads/-/gnu-rm
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clang may be used but isn't fully supported. Resulting binaries may also be bigger.
You can get it from: https://releases.llvm.org/download.html
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## Building
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If you have docker installed you can use [compile-with-docker.bat](./compile-with-docker.bat) (Windows) or [compile-with-docker.sh](./compile-with-docker.sh) (Linux/Mac), the output files are created in `compiled-firmware` folder. This method gives significantly smaller binaries, I've seen differences up to 1kb, so it can fit more functionalities this way. The challenge can be (or not) installing docker itself.
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To compile directly in windows:
1. Open windows command line and run:
```
winget install -e -h git.git Python.Python.3.8 GnuWin32.Make
winget install -e -h Arm.GnuArmEmbeddedToolchain -v "10 2021.10"
```
2. Close command line, open a new one and run:
```
pip install --user --upgrade pip
pip install crcmod
mkdir c:\projects & cd /D c:/projects
git clone https://github.com/egzumer/uv-k5-firmware-custom.git
```
3. From now on you can build the firmware by going to `c:\projects\uv-k5-firmware-custom` and running `win_make.bat` or by running a command line:
```
cd /D c:\projects\uv-k5-firmware-custom
win_make.bat
```
4. To reset the repository and pull new changes run (!!! it will delete all your changes !!!):
```
cd /D c:\projects\uv-k5-firmware-custom
git reset --hard & git clean -fd & git pull
```
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I've left some notes in the win_make.bat file to maybe help with stuff.
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## Credits
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Many thanks to various people on Telegram for putting up with me during this effort and helping:
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* [OneOfEleven](https://github.com/OneOfEleven)
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* [DualTachyon](https://github.com/DualTachyon)
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* [Egzumer](https://github.com/egzumer)
* [Joaquimorg](https://github.com/joaquimorg)
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* [Mikhail](https://github.com/fagci)
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* [Andrej](https://github.com/Tunas1337)
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* [Manuel](https://github.com/manujedi)
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* @wagner
* @Lohtse Shar
* @Davide
* @Ismo OH2FTG
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* @d1ced95
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* [@Matoz](https://github.com/spm81)
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* and others I forget
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## License
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Copyright 2023 Dual Tachyon
https://github.com/DualTachyon
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Copyright 2024 kamilsss655
https://github.com/kamilsss655
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Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
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## Example changes/updates