nocobase/docs/guide/plugin-development/index.md
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Co-authored-by: ChengLei Shao <chareice@live.com>
2021-10-28 22:55:51 +08:00

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---
order: 1
toc: menu
group:
title: Plugin Development
path: /guide/plugin-development
order: 5
---
# What is a Plugin?
插件是按功能划分的可插拔的独立模块。
## Why Write Plugins?
NocoBase 提供了丰富的 API 用于应用开发,即使不写插件也是可以实现功能扩展。之所以写成插件,是为了降低耦合,以及更好的复用。做到一处编写,随处使用。当然有些业务联系非常紧密,也没有必要过分的插件化拆分。
## How to Write a Plugin?
例如,添加一个 ratelimit 中间件,可以这样写:
```ts
import ratelimit from 'koa-ratelimit';
app.use(ratelimit({
driver: 'memory',
db: new Map(),
duration: 60000,
errorMessage: 'Sometimes You Just Have to Slow Down.',
id: (ctx) => ctx.ip,
headers: {
remaining: 'Rate-Limit-Remaining',
reset: 'Rate-Limit-Reset',
total: 'Rate-Limit-Total'
},
max: 100,
disableHeader: false,
whitelist: (ctx) => {
// some logic that returns a boolean
},
blacklist: (ctx) => {
// some logic that returns a boolean
}
}));
```
但是这种写法只能开发处理不能动态移除。为此NocoBase 提供了可插拔的 `app.plugin()` 接口,用于实现中间件的添加和移除。改造之后,代码如下:
```ts
import ratelimit from 'koa-ratelimit';
class RateLimitPlugin extends Plugin {
constructor(options) {
super(options);
this.ratelimit = ratelimit(options.options);
}
enable() {
this.app.use(this.ratelimit)
}
disable() {
this.app.unuse(this.ratelimit);
}
}
app.plugin(RateLimitPlugin, {
name: 'rate-limit',
version: '1.0.0',
options: {
driver: 'memory',
db: new Map(),
duration: 60000,
errorMessage: 'Sometimes You Just Have to Slow Down.',
id: (ctx) => ctx.ip,
headers: {
remaining: 'Rate-Limit-Remaining',
reset: 'Rate-Limit-Reset',
total: 'Rate-Limit-Total'
},
max: 100,
disableHeader: false,
whitelist: (ctx) => {
// some logic that returns a boolean
},
blacklist: (ctx) => {
// some logic that returns a boolean
}
}
});
```
- 将 ratelimit 的参数提炼出来,更进一步可以把参数配置交给插件管理面板
- 当插件激活时,执行 plugin.enable(),把 ratelimit 添加进来
- 当插件禁用时,执行 plugin.disable(),把 ratelimit 移除
以上就是插件的核心内容了,任何功能扩展都可以这样处理。只要两步:
- 实现插件的 enable 接口,用于添加功能;
- 再实现 disable 接口,用于移除功能模块。
```ts
class MyPlugin extends Plugin {
enable() {
// 添加的逻辑
}
disable() {
// 移除的逻辑
}
}
```
**不实现 disable 可不可以?**
disable 接口是为了实现插件的热插拔,应用不需要重启就能实现插件的激活和禁用。如果某个插件不需要被禁用,也可以只实现 enable 接口。